Family health A-Z - V

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Also known as: Immunisation programme

Immunisation helps protect children against certain diseases, including serious infections. A routine programme of immunisations is offered in the UK, starting at the age of two months, and concluding in teenage. The diseases covered are diphtheria, tetanus, pertussis, polio, Hib (Haemophilus influenza type b), invasive pneumococcal disease (PCV), meningitis C, measles, mumps and rubella.

Also known as: Appendix

A narrow, blind tube usually about three or four inches (7.6-10.2 cm) long that extends from the cecum in the lower right-hand part of the abdomen. The full medical term is ‘vermiform appendix’. (See also ‘cecum’.)

Verrucas (or planter warts) are warts which occur on the soles of the feet, often via the warm, moist conditions of public swimming baths. They are caused by a virus and are highly contagious. Treatment options include freezing; applying an over-the-counter chemical treatment or minor surgery; otherwise they usually disappear spontaneously, although this can take up to two years.

A microscopic organism capable of causing disease, which can only reproduce and flourish inside living cells.

Also known as: Projectile vomiting

Sudden vomiting so vigorous that the vomit is projected to some distance – perhaps across a room. If persistent, the underlying cause needs to be investigated and treated. See also ‘pyloric stenois’.